La industria de los videojuegos no está exenta de la especulación, las teorías de conspiración o las leyendas urbanas. Una de las historias más conocidas relacionadas con un videojuego es la del llamado Polybius, que se ha extendido tanto que ha trascendido a la cultura popular.
Polybius, según la teoría, es un videojuego de arcade lanzado en 1981 que provocaba efectos nefastos en las personas que llegaban a jugarlo. La paranoia que surgió a su alrededor era bastante inconsistente, con muchas incongruencias y contradicciones que, sin embargo, no evitaron la difusión del tema.
La leyenda urbana de Polybius
Como suele pasar en este tipo de leyendas urbanas, nadie conoce antecedente alguno del supuesto videojuego. Simplemente apareció en algún momento de ese año en varias salas recreativas de la ciudad de Portland, en el estado de Oregon, Estados Unidos.
El juego habría sido creado por una empresa alemana cuyo nombre vendría a significar algo como «pérdida de los sentidos». Muy conveniente para darle más dramatismo a la historia.

Polybius estaría dentro del género fixed shooter, en la que una nave con posición fija en el centro de la pantalla tendría que disparar a otras entidades enemigas. La particularidad del juego es que los controles no manejaban la dirección de la nave, sino que movían la pantalla, que rotaba a su alrededor, manteniendo su posición inmóvil.
Los supuestos efectos nocivos de Polybius
Lo turbio empezaría con el común denominador de todos estos casos, la adicción. Según la leyenda urbana, el juego estaba revolucionando la época con su estética, los efectos luminosos y los colores estrambóticos. Un elemento de atracción tan fuerte, que generaba, pues, la adicción de todos los jugadores. Pero eso era solo el principio.
La leyenda continuaba con la conspiración más previsible. El juego producía mareos, vómitos, alucinaciones, pérdida de memoria, ataques epilépticos, alucinaciones y hasta terrores nocturnos. Pero no siendo suficiente, se contaba que mostraba mensajes subliminales. Avisos en la pantalla que aparecían casi de forma imperceptible e incitaban a la sumisión, al patriotismo, al conformismo o, incluso, al suicidio.

Llegados a este punto, no es difícil imaginar los siguientes pasos de la leyenda urbana. Resulta que el juego formaba parte de algún tipo de trama perversa auspiciada por el gobierno de los Estados Unidos. Una artimaña de control en la que estaban involucrados los Hombres de Negro, otra leyenda urbana bastante popular.
Según esto, los Hombres de Negro estudiaban de cerca los efectos de jugar a Polybius y eran los encargados de eliminar cualquier elemento sospechoso en torno al juego. La leyenda incluye un suceso fatal en el que un jugador murió tras un ataque de epilepsia, hecho que encubrieron estos hombres, haciendo desaparecer el videojuego para siempre.
Los elementos que desmintieron el bulo
Las leyendas urbanas suelen tener un origen desconocido ya que son historias que se cuentan de boca en boca durante años, llegando incluso a deformarse, exagerarse y convertirse en otra cosa.
En este caso, algunos sitúan el antecedente de Polybius en un juego llamado Tempest, una producción de Atari que según parece, provocó efectos epilépticos en algunos jugadores.
Sea como fuere, la historia de Polybius nunca se pudo probar por nadie. Nunca hubo testimonios directos de personas que lo hayan jugado, sino que siempre se trataba de amigos del amigo del amigo que conocía un caso.

El bulo fue desmentido también por la falta de menciones en la revista Electronic Games, un directorio que incluía todos los títulos de la época, entre ellos los de arcade, que nunca hizo referencia a nada llamado Polybius.
El lanzamiento real de Polybius
Después de años de especulación e historias de terror, en 2017 la desarrolladora Llamasoft lanzó un videojuego bajo el mismo nombre de Polybius. Parece que finalmente todas las teorías se hicieron realidad, pero dejando de lado la parte turbia y de conspiración.
Se trata modelo de disparos en 3D diseñado para las nuevas tecnologías de realidad virtual. De hecho, se lanzó para las plataformas PlayStation 4 y PlayStation VR, dejando abierta la posibilidad de las consolas de Microsoft.
Después de todo, nunca estaremos a salvo de alguna que otra historia extraña que remueva la credulidad de la gente. Ni siquiera en el mundo de los videojuegos.
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