No hay muchos personajes de videojuegos que estén tan arraigados en la mente del público como el buen Mario Bros, protagonista de la compañía Nintendo. Es raro encontrar a alguien que no haya oído hablar del famoso plomero italiano, pero son muchos los que desconocen sus humildes comienzos.
Gran parte de la gente no sabe que no era originalmente un plomero y que tampoco se llamaba Mario. Hizo su primera aparición en 1981 en el pionero juego de arcade de Nintendo, Donkey Kong. El personaje de Mario se llamaba «Jumpman» y era carpintero. ‘Jumpman’ tenía que saltar por encima de los barriles que estaba arrojando Donkey Kong para salvar a una damisela en apuros, llamada Pauline, a diferencia de la acutal princesa Peach.
Desde aquellos pequeños comienzos, Mario ha recorrido un largo camino. Durante los últimos 30 años, ha aparecido en más de 200 videojuegos y ha sido mencionado en cientos de títulos tanto de Nintendo como de otros fabricantes.
El nacimiento de Mario
Mario es la creación de un entonces joven programador llamado Shigeru Miyamoto. En su intento por crear una máquina recreativa súperventas para Nintendo, Miyamoto ideó un concepto extraño basado en el simio gigante, King-Kong. Éste sería el villano de la historia, secuestrando a una mujer en un lugar de construcción y arrojando barriles al protagonista para detener su sofocante intento por rescatarla. El influyente juego se convertiría más tarde en Donkey Kong.
Miyamoto diseñó a Jumpman teniendo muy en cuenta las limitaciones de hardware de la época. El programador le dio un sombrero para no tener que diseñar y animar el pelo o la frente. El pesonaje recibió su característico bigote y nariz grande como una forma de hacerlo parecer más humano. Su esquema de color contrastado fue diseñado para evitar que su pequeño marco se mezclase con el fondo.
En aquel entonces, Nintendo estaba en una disputa financiera con el dueño de un almacén llamado Mario Segale, que se resolvió al poco tiempo. Miyamoto pensó que el nombre encajaba, así que decidió darle un nombre a su nuevo personaje. Y así nació Mario.
Después del gran éxito de Donkey Kong, la gente quería ver más de Mario. Nintendo estaba dispuesto a darle al público lo que quería y convirtió a Mario en su estandarte, pasando a protagonizar más de 200 juegos en las próximas décadas.
La ruptura de todos los paradigmas
El primer título que posiblemente llevó a Mario a la vanguardia de la conciencia de los medios de comunicación populares fue Super Mario Bros. Dirigido por Miyamoto, lanzado para Famicom y NES en 1985, este título fue increíblemente importante para la franquicia de Mario, ya que estableció algunos parámetros de la fórmula que todavía conocemos hoy. Esos conceptos extraños, ahora familiares, incluyen a Bowser como una tortuga con púas que escupe fuego y está obsesionada con secuestrar a la princesa Peach. El colorido Reino Champiñón como escenario y el concepto de plataformas a través de un terreno cada vez más difícil, con la ayuda de potenciadores extravagantes como setas y flores de fuego.
Super Mario Bros no solo fue popular, sino que tuvo un gran impacto en la industria de los videojuegos cuando se lanzó y se le atribuye haber cambiado la suerte del negocio, después de la terrible caída del mercado de 1983. Con un inmenso éxito crítico y comercial, vendió más de 40 millones de unidades físicas y convirtió a Nintendo en un titán en su género.
Se lanzaron dos secuelas en la NES. Super Mario Bros 2 fue una salida interesante del primer título e incluyó mecánicas muy diferentes como la capacidad de elegir personajes y un énfasis extraño en las verduras. Luego vino el aclamado por la crítica Super Mario Bros 3, que hasta el día de hoy es considerado uno de los mejores juegos de todos los tiempos. Además de la trilogía de títulos principales, hubo un exceso de productos derivados en plataformas como Gameboy.
La evolución hacia los 16 bits
Con el lanzamiento de Super Nintendo, llegó el momento de que Mario se mudara al universo de 16 bits. Super Mario World se lanzó en SNES en 1990 y era más grande que cualquier otra cosa que hubiera existido antes. Se veía mejor, la música era más sofisticada y los niveles eran endiabladamente inteligentes. Super Mario World también presentó al mundo a Yoshi, un adorable dinosaurio verde que se convertiría en uno de los personajes más exitosos de la franquicia.
Super Mario World se considera el pináculo de las entregas bidimensionales de la franquicia y terminó vendiendo aproximadamente 20 millones de copias. Desde entonces, se ha adaptado a innumerables consolas de Nintendo y sigue siendo una de las aventuras más duraderas y entrañables de Mario. En este punto, la popularidad de Mario no tenía precedentes y estaba claro que el mundo estaba gestando la fiebre de Nintendo.
La llegada de Mario Bros al mundo 3D
Super Mario 64 encontró a Miyamoto nuevamente en el asiento del conductor como director y productor, y fue lanzado como un juego de lanzamiento para Nintendo 64 en 1996. Asombró a todos y desató una generación completamente nueva de plataformas que intentaron emular el juego de colección.
La inclusión de una palanca analógica en el controvertido controlador de garra de la Nintendo 64 permitió un verdadero movimiento en 3D. Poder controlar la cámara permitió a los jugadores, por primera vez, explorar realmente el Reino Champiñón en tres dimensiones. La inmersión se incrementó con gráficos brillantes, coloridos y música extraordinariamente pegadiza del ahora legendario compositor de Nintendo, Koji Kondo.
Super Mario 64 vendió alrededor de 11 millones de copias y terminó siendo el juego más vendido de la consola. Aunque no salvó del todo al N64 del gigante Playstation, que ya contaba con tecnología basada en cd.
Uno de los títulos más recientes de Mario es Super Mario Odyssey, para el inmensamente exitoso Switch de Nintendo. Basta con decir que este juego toma lo que a todos les gusta de la jugabilidad principal de Mario y lo lleva de manera experta a un nuevo nivel, enfocando todos los esfuerzos en capitalizar a una audiencia completamente nueva.
El legado de Mario Bros
Después de todo, Mario es una de las figuras mediáticas más reconocidas de la industria y de la historia. Pese a que ya cuenta con muchos años en activo y podemos considerarlo como todo un veterano en este mundo, es tan popular como siempre. Y no hay señales de que esto vaya a cambiar pronto.
Entre las ventas estelares de Switch y Odyssey, y el anuncio de que pronto tendrá su propia película, todo parece apuntar a que Mario estará presente para las generaciones venideras. Por suerte para nosotros, tendremos unas cuantas décadas más del plomero bigotudo. ¡Wahoo!
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