The Sims es un juego de computadora que permite a las personas crear y manejar su propio entorno de hogar virtual, a través de avatares conocidos como Sims. Estos personajes se pueden reconocer de inmediato debido al distinguido rombo de color verde que tienen sobre la cabeza.
Gran parte de la historia argumental del juego se completa con las experiencias personales y la estética que los jugadores quieran darle. De aquí nace la premisa piscológica que habla de la proyección de la personalidad del jugador en este inusual tipo de ambiente tecnológico.
Los jugadores controlan todo, desde las elecciones de carrera de sus Sims, ropa, casa, hasta sus hábitos alimenticios. A diferencia de la mayoría de los videojuegos, The Sims es un juego abierto en un sentido muy amplio, por lo que no existe una forma «correcta» de jugar. Cada quien construye su mundo tal y como le plazca, se podría decir que no hay 2 iguales.
Los Sims no hablan algún idioma en contreto, de hecho, hablan de forma abreviada con imágenes que incitan a los jugadores a completar inconscientemente los detalles faltantes en la interacción del personaje. El creador del juego, cree que este enfoque de interacción social entre los Sims obliga a los jugadores a imaginar lo que no se dice.

Este juego se considera el número uno en ventas en América del Norte para la plataforma de PC y se ha traducido a 17 idiomas diferentes, vendiendo más de 52 millones de unidades en todo el mundo.
La autoproyección dentro del juego
Desde el lanzamiento de The Sims en el año 2000, se ha hablado en los medios de que las personas que interactúan en el juego, proyectan aspectos de sus vidas reales en sus personajes. Hasta la fecha, no ha habido estudios empíricos que prueben si esto es cierto o no. Sin embargo se han hecho algunos trabajos para medir científicamente las personalidades y los valores de los jugadores con el fin de descubrir cómo estas características se relacionan con el juego.
Otros discursos mediáticos han sugerido que las experiencias de las personas van más allá de los rasgos psicológicos impuestos en sus Sims, ya que proyectan detalles un poco más materiales de sus propias vidas en los mundos que crean. Observar la casa de alguien en este mundo puede dar una idea de lo que acontece en su vida real.
Lo que muchos tratan de hacer es recrear el ambiente externo de su vida, incluyendo a su familia, amigos y sus vecinos. La gran diferencia es que ahora tienen el poder de controlar el entorno. Tienen la oportunidad de crear personajes que reflejan quiénes son, qué esperan y qué sueñan. Se vuelve una experiencia enriquecedora y satisfactoria que culmina en la realización de una utopía mental.

The Sims en el psicoanálisis
Este fenómeno puede resultar muy útil en el campo de la psicología clínica, aportando nuevos ambientes para evaluar el comportamiento de las personas.
En un entorno clínico, los psicólogos generalmente se basan en medidas estandarizadas para evaluar el estado mental y las características de personalidad de un paciente. Pruebas que resultan demasiado ambiguas, subjetivas y abiertas a interpretación, por lo que The Sims resulta ser una alternativa interesante para este análisis.
El estudio hecho a The Sims
Para evaluar el nivel de proyección mental en el juego, se realizaron varios estudios que arrojaron resultados bastante esclarecedores. Según los expertos, los participantes efectivamente proyectaron ciertos aspectos de sus personalidades, valores y características en sus Sims.
Los datos sugieren 3 campos a simple vista que se puedieron analizar.
- Rasgos de personalidad: incluyen el neuroticismo, la conciencia, apertura social y estado de ánimo en general.
- Valores y ética: se destacaron la riqueza, la creatividad, el coqueteo, la lealtad y fidelidad.
- Identidad personal: entre los cuales estaba la raza, el género, la edad, la necesidad de cognición, el número percibido de enemigos y el estado civil.
De lo anteriormente evaluado se pueden mencionar algunos ejemplos. Los participantes altamente neuróticos tendían a perder los pagos de las facturas de sus Sims. Cambiaban de carrera con más frecuencia y disfrutaban haciendo que sus Sims insultasen a otros personajes.
En el lado contrario, los participantes que estaban abiertos a nuevas experiencias tendían a llenar de emoción la vida de sus Sims, gastando dinero de forma impulsiva o participando frecuentemente en relaciones íntimas.
Se descubrió, en el aspecto económico, que los participantes que valoraban la riqueza en el mundo real, tenían más probabilidades de imponer ese estilo de vida en sus Sims. A los que les daba igual, mantenían un trabajo estable sin miras a ganar más de lo que se necesitaba. Sus enfoques eran completamente diferentes.

Implicaciones del estudio
Estos hallazgos podrían abrir nuevas puertas en la psicología clínica y en la ciencia. Por ejemplo, si un psicólogo infantil está trabajando con un cliente que se resiste a revelar información sobre sí mismo durante una entrevista inicial, el psicólogo puede pedirle al cliente que juegue a The Sims y luego evaluar su comportamiento dentro del juego.
De todos modos, The Sims se diseñó principalmente como entretenimiento, no como un programa orientado al psicoanálisis, por lo que tiene ciertas limitantes.
Los resultados obtenidos de este estudio pueden significar, pues, un antecedente en varias direcciones. O bien que se desarrollen productos a partir de The Sims específicamente para este tipo de análisis. O bien que haya mayor apertura en la ciencia a la hora de utilizar unos u otros métodos y tecnologías en sus procesos.
En cualquier caso, este documento solo marca el potencial y las posibilidades del mundo de los videojuegos. Queda mucho por analizar y mucho más por descubrir.
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