El debate sobre si jugar a videojuegos es bueno o malo para nosotros ha estado sobre la mesa desde los días de Pong y Space Invaders. La mayoría de las personas siempre han asumido que son la causa de muchos problemas físicos y mentales, incluso sin evidencia científica para probarlo.
Algunos dicen que está en nuestra naturaleza humana encontrar algo a lo que echar la culpa cuando hay un problema y los videojuegos siempre han sido un blanco fácil.
Pero las cosas han cambiado y cada vez se están realizando más estudios profesionales para descubrir la verdad de este asunto.
El desarrollo del cerebro gracias a jugar a videojuegos
Para empezar, estudios recientes completados por varias organizaciones científicas y de investigación destacadas han demostrado que los videojuegos pueden ayudar a mejorar la calidad de vida de las personas discapacitadas y con enfermedades mentales.
El estudio principal es el realizado en el Instituto Max Planck para el Desarrollo Humano y la Universidad Charité de Medicina St. Hedwig-Krankenhaus en Berlín, Alemania. Encontró que jugar videojuegos aumenta la materia gris y ayuda a refinar las habilidades aprendidas y programadas.
En términos simples, los videojuegos afectan e impactan directamente en las regiones del cerebro responsables de la memoria, la orientación espacial, la organización de la información y las habilidades motoras finas. El estudio también refuerza la afirmación de que, al igual que el ejercicio, jugar videojuegos durante 30 minutos al día puede mejorar tu vida.
La solución de problemas reales
Los videojuegos también pueden enseñar a solucionar problemas y estrategias, lo que los convierte en herramientas valiosas para niños y adolescentes. Por ejemplo, Minecraft ofrece una serie de beneficios educativos, como el aprendizaje a utilizar objetos para explorar entornos. Mientras que juegos como Civilization y SimCity enseñan a ser resolutivos a un nivel más global.
En SimCity, los jugadores diseñan y planifican una ciudad, y deben pensar en el futuro para considerar cómo algo como la tasa impositiva puede ayudar o perjudicar el crecimiento de su ciudad. O cómo la planificación de calles y ciertas zonas pueden afectar el crecimiento. En general, sirve para comprender la lógica financiera y administrativa del mundo en que vivimos.
Este juego también enseña gestión y planificación de recursos en un nivel básico, y hace un buen trabajo al explicar estos conceptos para los jugadores más jóvenes. Aprender y desarrollar este tipo de estrategias también puede ser directamente aplicable a la vida.
Por último, un beneficio indirecto es que hay muchos videojuegos que se basan en eventos históricos reales y pueden alentar a los niños a descubrir más sobre la historia que les precede a través de la investigación y la lectura.
El ejercicio del cuerpo físico
Los juegos de ejercicios como Wii Fit han experimentado un gran resurgimiento en los últimos diez años gracias a empresas como Nintendo y Konami. Solo hay que cargar una sesión de Dance Dance Revolution y comenzar una rutina de baile, o mejor aún, conectar un Wii Fit para ver resultados increíbles.
Los videojuegos de fitness han revolucionado el ejercicio de formas sorprendentemente positivas. Realmente, es la comodidad lo que los hace tan atractivos, ya que ofrecen una manera fácil de «llegar al gimnasio» sin tener que ir físicamente. Y para los niños y los padres con horarios ocupados, brindan la posibilidad de realizar 30 minutos de actividad directamente en la habitación de su casa.
Este tipo de videojuegos ayudan a la circulación, la flexibilidad articular, la coordinación y el equilibrio. Gracias a la tecnología, muchos de ellos rastrean el progreso del jugador a través de la cantidad de repeticiones, e incluso lo ayudan a establecer metas para mantenerse motivado. Todo sin el compromiso de una membresía de gimnasio.
Otros beneficios físicos de jugar a videojuegos
Desde otra perspectiva física, los videojuegos pueden incluso mejorar la vista. Un estudio de la Universidad de Rochester demostró que esta práctica mejora la visión al hacer que los jugadores respondan mejor a diferentes estímulos y tonos de color. El mismo estudio, financiado por el National Eye Institute y la Oficina de Investigación Naval, encontró que los jugadores de títulos de acción o de disparos en primera persona tenían una mejor percepción del contraste de color.
Además, se ha demostrado que los videojuegos mejoran las habilidades motoras finas en los niños en edad preescolar. Un estudio publicado en la revista médica PLOS One descubrió que los cirujanos gamers, más específicamente, de Nintendo Wii, mejoraron su desempeño laboral. Al jugar, aumentaron la coordinación ojo-mano y el movimiento muscular preciso, ambas habilidades esenciales para su práctica.
Algunos otros beneficios de jugar videojuegos son:
- Mejora la velocidad del cerebro.
- Aumenta la capacidad de realizar múltiples tareas.
- Desarrolla las habilidades sociales en múltiples niveles.
Así que sí, los videojuegos son realmente buenos para ti en muchos sentidos. Eso sí, hay que agregar que, como todo, deben usarse con moderación. Quedarse despierto toda la noche para luchar contra los zombies, quizá no sea lo mejor para tu salud.
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