En el mes de octubre del año 2003, Nokia presentó uno de sus productos más ambiciosos, el Nokia N-Gage. Por primera vez en el mercado, la empresa líder en telefonía móvil del momento trataba de dar un golpe sobre la mesa con un dispositivo que pretendía introducir el mundo del gaming en los teléfonos. Una idea que quizás llegaba demasiado pronto, a cuatro años del lanzamiento del primer iPhone.
La oportunidad de Nokia a principios de los 2000
Antes de la llegada de los smartphones, Nokia era el líder indiscutible de la industria telefónica. La durabilidad y calidad de sus dispositivos, la batería casi eterna y el estilo cúbico y compacto de sus celulares trae buenos recuerdos a cualquiera. Sobre todo en estos tiempos en que los terminales son tan vulnerables y están tan sometidos a la obsolescencia programada.
Nokia marcó generaciones en un momento en que los teléfonos móviles eran solo eso, teléfonos. Y su cuota de mercado era absolutamente abrumadora. En aquel contexto de potencial y oportunidades, era lógico que se embarcase en proyectos de más ambición y tratase de romper los moldes de la industria que se había construido.
Los consumidores nos conformábamos con las primeras pantallas a color y los primeros politonos descargables. Jugábamos al Snake, enviábamos mensajes SMS y algún que otro MMS de contenido multimedia. Empezábamos a entender lo que era el Bluetooth y apenas podíamos conectarnos a un Internet más que precario en aquellos dispositivos.
El lanzamiento del Nokia N-Gage
En este contexto de transición tecnológica y de demasiados aprendizajes, Nokia diseñó un teléfono híbrido preparado para correr varios juegos en cartucho. El N-Gage competía con la Game Boy de Nintendo y la Game Gear de Sega. Pero su ambición por fusionar las dos industrias le hizo quedarse corto en uno y en otro mercado.
Contaba con una pantalla a color de alrededor de 2 pulgadas y una resolución de 208×176 píxeles. Su diseño era parecido a la Game Boy Advance, aunque un poco más tosco y aparatoso, con el teclado a los lados de la pantalla y 2cm de grosor. La primera versión pesó 137 gramos y contaba con una capacidad de 3.4 MB internos. Además del perfil de consola, incluía Radio FM, GPS, Bluetooth y conexión a Internet en formato WAP. Es decir, con ciertas limitaciones. Para los estándares de hoy, esto no es nada. Pero en su momento significó una apuesta tecnológica enorme que nunca antes se había visto.
Aún así, fue un absoluto fracaso.
Los errores que llevaron al Nokia N-Gage al fracaso
Como consola de videojuegos portátil, el Nokia N-Gage tenía un catálogo de juegos bastante amplio. Entre ellos se encontraban títulos como Call of Duty y FIFA. Sin embargo, contaba con ciertas desventajas e incomodidades frente a otras competidoras de la industria.
Para insertar los cartuchos y cambiar de juego era necesario sacar la batería. Un movimiento absurdo y engorroso, que se solucionó más tarde con la segunda versión, la N-Gage QD. El teclado y los controles se encontraban a medio camino entre los dos conceptos a fusionar, y realmente no servían bien para ninguno de los dos objetivos. Ni se adaptaban bien para el juego, ni facilitaban el uso como dispositivo telefónico.
Desde este último punto de vista, su tamaño y forma tampoco eran del todo funcionales. Usaba el sistema operativo Symbian 6.1 y, aunque no lo parezca, está considerado dentro del grupo de los dispositivos smartphones.
El coste de lanzamiento fue de 300 €, demasiado alto para el mercado. Y pronto llegaron las nuevas apuestas de consolas que desbancaron definitivamente la idea de Nokia, la Nintendo DS y la PSP de PlayStation.
En noviembre de 2005 el Nokia N-Gage fue finalmente retirado del mercado y en 2007 salió a la venta la primera generación de iPhone, una de las grandes revoluciones en la telefonía. Los siguientes pasos de Nokia en el mundo de los teléfonos inteligentes, mucho más en el de las consolas, fue menguando poco a poco hasta desaparecer del top en el que antes se encontraba.
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