Lamentablemente, solemos reconocer y recordar los lugares más increíbles del mundo por las historias funestas que se le atribuyen, más que por las proezas acaecidas allí u otras leyendas de heroicidad. Este es el caso de Aokigahara, más conocido como el bosque de los suicidios, en Japón.
Japón es admirado en todo el mundo por su cultura noble y fuertemente arraigada. Como sociedad, los conceptos de honor, rectitud, respeto, civismo e integridad son las bases que asientan una filosofía trascendental heredada por generaciones. Una idiosincrasia ancestral que evolucionó combinándose con la apertura tecnológica hasta ser, en muchos sentidos, la punta de lanza a nivel internacional. Y pese a todo esto, Japón es conocido como el país con uno de los índices de depresión y suicidio más altos del mundo.
Cos este título tan ominoso, hay un lugar que protagoniza especialmente las conversaciones sobre uno de los misterios en torno a la cultura nipona: el bosque de los suicidios.
El porqué del bosque de los suicidios
El bosque de los suicidios, también llamado Mar de Árboles o Jukai en japonés, está situado en la base del Monte Fuji, el pico más alto de todo el país. Tiene una extensión de aproximadamente 35 kilómetros cuadrados y está formado por espesas masas de árboles muy frondosos y roca volcánica.
Según las leyendas del bosque, el origen de su triste reputación se remonta al siglo XIX durante el periodo feudal. En un contexto de hambrunas y enfermedad, aquella población diezmada por la muerte se veía obligada a abandonar a sus ancianos y enfermos en una especie de eutanasia culturalmente aceptada, llamada ubasute. El paso del tiempo y el dolor que todo ello suponía para los habitantes de la zona, fomentaron la creencia extendida de que aquel lugar estaba encantado por los espíritus de los que allí perdieron la vida.
Esta leyenda fue alimentada por la obra de los años 60 Nami No Tou de Seicho Matsumoto, que describía cómo dos enamorados se quitaban la vida en el bosque. Años después, en 1993, Watary Tsurumi hizo mención explícita en su libro prohibido El manual completo del suicidio, que directamente recomienda Aokigahara para cometer el acto.
Como consecuencia de todo ello, el bosque de los suicidios se convirtió en el destino escogido por muchísimas personas que deciden terminar con su vida.
Aokigahara hoy
Las características laberínticas del bosque dificultan cualquier tipo de excursión o caminata. Muchos curiosos y atrevidos descarados eligen adentrarse en el bosque, movidos por el morbo y el capricho, esperando encontrar quién sabe qué.
Pero lo cierto es que hay varios grupos de voluntarios que recorren los caminos del bosque solo para recoger los cuerpos de los que tomaron su decisión allí. Además, el bosque está lleno de carteles y mensajes disuasorios que tratan de convencer por última vez a los suicidas. Un agregado más a este enclave lúgubre y siniestro de la geografía japonesa.
Desde la década de los 50 se han encontrado alrededor de 500 cadáveres cuya causa principal de muerte es el suicidio. En los últimos años, el gobierno local decidió no hacer públicas las cifras anuales para evitar que se siga asociando el lugar con los tristes sucesos. Algo para lo que ya es demasiado tarde.
Después de todo, así es cómo se creó una historia en torno a un paisaje. Una relación más que negativa, terrible, que a día de hoy representa un símbolo de la desesperanza más profunda y el pesimismo de lo que para algunos es una vida sin sentido.
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