Cada mes de febrero celebramos con gran expectación, unos más que otros, la entrega de los premios Oscar. Para los más cinéfilos, la gala es uno de los acontecimientos del año, un festival de glamour, brillo y celebridades, que alaba los mejores trabajos de la industrial del cine. Lo que pocos saben es que también existe una ceremonia antagónica, un poco menos elegante y con algo de mala baba: los premios Razzie o los anti-Oscar.
Popularmente se conocen como los Razzies, pero su nombre original es Golden Raspberry Awards o Premios de la Frambuesa de Oro, en español. Existen como contraparte a los Oscar, señalando los peores trabajos de Hollywood y otorgando a tal mérito una estatuilla en forma de frambuesa de más bien poco valor.
El origen de los premios Razzie y su peculiar ceremonia
La historia de este certamen se remonta a 1980. En aquel entonces, el publicista y crítico de cine John J. B. Wilson quiso complementar los premios de la Academia desde un punto de vista satírico e irónico, sin dejar de lado el sentido del humor. De esta manera, creó y formalizó un premio para los peores actores, directores y guionistas de toda la industria. Algo que muchos considerarían un lanzamiento de tomates organizado y tipificado.
Lo cierto es que aunque empezó por mero entretenimiento, el evento continuó año tras año hasta mantenerse hoy en día. De alguna forma y salvando las distancias, logró representar la voz del público en cuanto a los disgustos más flagrantes del año en las salas de cine.

La organización y el sistema de votos de los premios
Los premios Razzie se entregan una vez al año, coincidiendo casi en fecha con los Oscar. Inicialmente se presentaban el mismo día, pero ante la imposibilidad de competir mediáticamente con la ceremonia más importante del cine, adelantaron la entrega al día antes.
A diferencia de los Oscar, que son el resultado de las votaciones de quienes forman parte de la Academia de las Artes y las Ciencias Cinematográficas, los Razzie provienen de los miembros de una fundación, la Golden Raspberry Award Foundation. Se trata de una asociación abierta al público a la que se puede acceder pagando solamente una suscripción de 40 dólares. El hecho de que cualquiera pueda involucrarse, sin necesidad de invitación (como sí sucede en la Academia), es uno de los elementos más criticados de estos premios, cuyo criterio carece de estándares y cierta objetividad.
El aspecto de los Razzie
El premio en sí es una figura de plástico con forma de frambuesa presentada sobre un carrete de celuloide, bañados en pintura de aerosol color dorado. Su valor económico ni siquiera excede los 5 dólares, es de $ 4.89.

Su nombre proviene, para agregar más acidez al asunto, de un gesto de mofa y burla. La expresión «blowing a raspberry» se refiere, en inglés, al soplido que mantiene la lengua entre los labios, haciendo una pedorreta.
En conjunto, los Razzie son una especie de escarnio público que no todos saben recibir con entereza. De hecho, son muy pocos los que se presentan para recibir el premio y muchos menos los que se toman a bien la crítica.
Algunas anécdotas y ganadores populares
Las categorías actuales de los premios Razzie son muy similares a las de los Oscar. Peor película, director, guión, actor/actriz, pareja en pantalla, actor/actriz de reparto, remake o secuela, premio a la redención y peor trabajo de cámara.
Antiguamente hubo categorías vinculadas con los efectos visuales y la banda sonora, pero fueron retirados en algún momento.
En este contexto, no son pocas las anécdotas acumuladas en 40 años de entregas y algunas de ellas están protagonizadas por celebridades más que conocidas. Por ejemplo:
- Paul Verhoeven, conocido por dirigir Robocop en el 87, fue el primero en aceptar un Razzie en persona y recibirlo en la ceremonia. Fue en el año 1996 y culminó su acto con un discurso lleno de sarcasmo y sentido del humor.
- Sylvester Stallone ganó nada menos que 9 Razzies a lo largo de su carrera, llegando a estar nominado treinta veces a peor actor, guión, actor de reparto, director y pareja en pantalla.
- Ben Affleck recibió tres Golden Raspberry, rompiéndolos en directo en el programa de Larry King y vendiéndolos más tarde, ya rotos, en eBay.
- Halle Berry recibió su Razzie por la película Catwoman portando el Oscar que había ganado dos años antes por Monster’s Ball. Su gesto fue muy aplaudido por la crítica y le dio bastante popularidad.

- Adam Sandler fue el primer actor en recibir el premio a la peor actriz, por su interpretación de Jill en la película Jack&Jill de 2011. En total, ganó 7 Razzies.
- Probablemente la anécdota más curiosa la protagoniza el presidente de los Estados Unidos, Donald Trump. Recibió el Razzie al peor actor por su «actuación» en los documentales Death of a Nation y Fahrenheit 9/11. En este caso la crítica va un poco más lejos, ya que no se trata de una interpretación de un papel ni de un guión ficticio.
Los Razzie en el 2020
En cuanto a la ceremonia de este año, la película más castigada con diferencia fue la adaptación al cine del musical Cats. En este caso, el título recibió el Razzie a la peor película, la peor dirección, el peor actor de reparto, peor pareja en pantalla y peor guión. Algo que no extrañó a la audiencia ya que el filme no fue bien recibido por casi nadie.
De todos modos, la polémica sigue abierta. Comentábamos anteriormente que no es necesario nada más que la suscripción para acceder al sistema de votaciones. A esta falta de restricción habría que añadirle el hecho de que no es necesario ver las películas para poder emitir el voto, lo que resta significativamente veracidad a los resultados finales.
Para muchos no tiene importancia, ya que se trata de una ceremonia de corte cómico y sin malas intenciones, aparentemente. Pero muchos otros consideran que las películas con más presupuesto están más expuestas a este fenómeno, pudiendo desprestigiar el trabajo de mucha gente sin merecerlo.
En cualquier caso, los Razzie ya han creado escuela. Después de cuatro décadas de sátira y juicio se han convertido en un evento más de la industria del cine. Un referente histriónico y burlesco que nos da otra perspectiva del mundo del espectáculo.
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