Japón, mediados del siglo XIV. Está anocheciendo y, en la distancia, las nubes oscuras se agitan y se acercan. Hay un evidente olor a la lluvia que se avecina en el aire. Resonando a través de las colinas, el rugido de un trueno amenaza con una tormenta inevitable. La temperatura desciende, el viento se levanta y lo poco que queda de día se vuelve cada vez más sombrío. De repente, un relámpago electrizante ilumina todo el cielo seguido por un estruendo ensordecedor que hace temblar la tierra. Raijin y Fujin han hablado. Están furiosos y castigarán a todo el que se encuentre en sus caminos.
El origen de Fujin
Fujin se considera la representación mitológica japonesa del viento y es uno de los dioses más antiguos del sintoísmo. Se encontraba al lado de Amaterasu (el Sol) cuando se creó el mundo y, en el momento en que dejó salir por primera vez el viento de su bolsa, se despejó la neblina de la mañana y llenó el espacio entre el cielo y la tierra haciendo brillar al Sol. Fujin vive entre las nubes al lado de Raijin, el dios del trueno.
De forma tradicional, Fujin se simboliza como un ser antropomórfico musculoso que porta un enorme saco de tela o piel de animal, lleno de aire. Cuando lo abre, libera una ventisca. Fujin, Raijin y Amaterasu son los personajes responsables del clima en el universo según la creencia. Por eso en ilustraciones aparecen juntos e incluso en algunas variaciones del mito son hermanos.
La imagen de Fujin parece haber surgido en el intercambio cultural a través de la Ruta de la seda. Empezó en el periodo alejandrino, cuando Grecia ocupó partes de Asia Central y la India. El dios griego del viento, Bóreas, se convirtió en el dios Wardo del arte greco-budista. Después se transformó en Kizil y, finalmente, en Fujin. A través de esta evolución, el dios conservó su símbolo, su apariencia poco amigable y su aspecto desaliñado.
El origen de Raijin
Raijin es el dios del trueno, del relámpago y de la guerra dentro de la mitología japonesa. Se presenta como híbrido entre deidad y demonio con dentadura y garras afiladas, pelo largo y un tambor con el que produce el sonido del trueno. A veces lo representan como un ser rojo al que le encanta comer ombligos humanos, tanto que algunos padres recomiendan a sus hijos esconder sus ombligos durante las tormentas, pues de otra forma Raijin podría devorarlos.
Su nombre deriva de los vocablos japoneses rai, 雷, que significa «trueno», y kami, 神, que significa «dios».
A Raijin lo acompaña Raiju o «bestia del trueno», una legendaria criatura compuesta de electricidad y fuego con forma de gato, lobo, mono o comadreja. Según el mito, a Raiju le encanta dormir sobre ombligos humanos, lo que obliga a Raijin a dispararle flechas de rayos para despertarlo. De ahí el temor por cuidar los ombligos durante una noche de relámpagos.
El mito del clima en Japón
La leyenda cuenta que antes de que los humanos poblaran la Tierra, surgió una discusión entre los dos dioses por el control de las tempestades. En esta pelea, Fujin cercenó el brazo izquierdo de Raijin. Algún tiempo después, ambos restauraron su amistad y Amaterasu recuperó el brazo perdido de Raijin para que siguiera generando truenos.
Una creencia tradicional atribuye el fracaso de los mongoles en su intento por invadir Japón en 1274 a una tormenta creada por Fujin, recibiendo el nombre de Kamikaze, kami: «divino» y kaze: «viento».
Un mito budista chino dice que Fujin y Raijin eran demonios malvados, enemigos jurados del iluminado, Buda. Éste ordenó a su ejército celestial que los atraparan. Tras diversas batallas entre los demonios y 33 dioses, finalmente fueron derrotados y entraron en prisión. Como castigo, Fujin y Raijin tuvieron que trabajar para el cielo, cumpliendo sus ordenes hasta el fin de los tiempos.
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