De alguna forma, todos tenemos la idea de que comer chocolate mejora nuestro estado de ánimo, eleva nuestras emociones y nos hace sentir más felices. Esto es algo que podemos ver en las películas, en los libros, incluso en la publicidad. Y forma parte de la sabiduría popular, de alguna manera, como una especie de remedio contra la tristeza. Pero, ¿qué hay de cierto en esto? ¿Puede el chocolate ayudarnos a mitigar la aflicción? La respuesta está en la ciencia.
La química del chocolate
El chocolate contiene triptófano, feniletilamina, teobromina y flavonol.
El primero es un aminoácido esencial que emplea el cerebro para crear serotonina, una de las hormonas de la felicidad. La segunda se relaciona con la euforia, la excitación y el enamoramiento que, combinado con la dopamina del cerebro, actúa como antidepresivo. El tercer químico es un estimulante similar a la cafeína que al mismo tiempo provoca sensaciones de bienestar y placer. El cuarto, finalmente, es un tipo de antioxidante que favorece la prevención del envejecimiento, la óptima circulación de la sangre y la memoria.
Teniendo en cuenta estos aspectos químicos, podemos acercarnos un poco más a la realidad que siempre creímos, aunque no sabíamos muy bien por qué.
Comer chocolate activa y complementa de alguna forma varios elementos de nuestro cerebro responsables de los sentimientos de felicidad y satisfacción. Este estímulo positivo puede conseguirse también con otros alimentos, actividades físicas y con las relaciones interpersonales sanas. Todo forma parte de un equilibrio biológico y mental que da como resultado el desarrollo de nuestras emociones.
El chocolate como atenuante del estrés
Pero según varios estudios, el chocolate no solo desencadena sensaciones de felicidad, sino que también puede reducir los niveles de estrés. En concreto, el chocolate que contenga más cantidad de cacao, como el amargo.
El estrés aumenta la peroxidación lipídica, es decir, la degradación oxidativa de los lípidos. Este proceso se debe a un desequilibrio entre la actividad de las enzimas antioxidantes. Hecho que puede revertirse hasta cierto punto con el consumo de alimentos antioxidantes, como los sólidos de cacao.
Según la ciencia, el chocolate con un mínimo de 85% de cacao es el más recomendable para lidiar con el estrés y mejorar el rendimiento del organismo. Además de que contiene mucha menos grasa y azúcar que el chocolate con leche.
Después de todo, nunca viene mal endulzarse un poco la vida.
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