Desde siempre se ha trazado una barrera inquebrantable entre el consciente y el subconsciente, estar despierto o estar dormido. Pero lo cierto es que existe una pequeña puerta entre ambos mundos que para algunos es muy fácil atravesar, los sueños lúcidos.
Los sueños lúcidos permiten a los durmientes hacerse conscientes de que están soñando. Es decir, mientras para casi todos lo que pasa durante la noche se queda en recuerdos vagos y efímeros como mucho, para algunas personas capaces es algo más que eso. Es la entrada lúcida al mundo onírico, la apertura a un universo de posibilidades.
Quien desarrolla este fenómeno, según afirman, puede llegar incluso a controlar lo que sucede en su subconsciente, protagonizando de esta manera experiencias inimaginables.
Los sueños lúcidos según la ciencia
Los sueños lúcidos forman parte del estudio de la psicología, la neurología o el psicoanálisis desde principios del siglo pasado. Uno de los investigadores más importantes de esta parte de la ciencia es Stephen SaBerge, considerado el gurú de los sueños lúcidos y gran promotor de la técnica que los genera.
Este fenómeno sucede durante la fase REM, el más profundo de los cinco ciclos del sueño. Y como en casi cualquier campo de estudio, tiene sus defensores y detractores. Los primeros creen convencidos que dominando la técnica adecuada es posible tener el control total de lo que sucede en el subconsciente. En cambio, los escépticos niegan esta posibilidad alegando que por muy activa que esté la parte consciente durante el sueño, no puede tomar partido de lo que en él suceda.
Cómo hacerse consciente de que se está soñando
Para entender este punto podemos sostenernos de algunas de las teorías exploradas por Christopher Nolan en su película Inception. No es que este asunto asea ficticio, sino que la cinta representa muy bien algunos elementos presentes en este fenómeno.
Según algunos expertos, lo más importante en un sueño lúcido es hacerse consciente de que se está soñando. Si recordamos la película, este era el objetivo principal de la técnica Mr. Charles desarrollada por Cobb en las tramas de espionaje onírico. Para esto hay algunas señales que indican que lo que se está viviendo no es real, no es posible o está extrañamente fuera de contexto.
Una vez se identifica esta situación, lo siguiente que hay que hacer es activar el consciente tomando decisiones, literalmente vivir el sueño. Otros supuestos indicios son el aumento de la percepción sensorial y la atención a los detalles, capacidades que en un sueño normal no son posibles.
Cómo tener sueños lúcidos
Muchos curiosos habrán leído los testimonios de quien logra experimentar sueños lúcidos a su antojo, pero no saben cómo poder hacerlo. Según estudios de las Universidades de Goethe, Bonn y otras instituciones alemanas, el 60% de la población tiene esta capacidad al menos una vez en la vida. Y lo cierto es que practicar para ello ayuda a desarrollar la creatividad, la intuición y el ingenio de nuestro consciente despierto.
La técnica recomendada por los expertos para experimentar los sueños lúcidos pasa por las siguientes fases:
- Irse a dormir con el convencimiento de poder controlar los sueños. De alguna forma, el consciente engaña al subconsciente considerando esta posibilidad y desarrolla la técnica de memoria anticipada.
- Despertar voluntariamente durante la fase REM mediante alarmas o despertadores programados específicamente. Con esto, se estará más consciente en el momento de volver a dormir.
- Anotar con el mayor detalle posible lo que se ha soñado nada más despertar, cada mañana, durante un periodo determinado. Esto sirve como un registro de la evolución de la técnica, además de ayudar a identificar patrones y sueños recurrentes con bastante facilidad.
Las posibilidades infinitas de controlar los sueños
Aunque para muchos esto no sea más que ciencia ficción, lo cierto es que, de ser posible, abre un número infinito de oportunidades.
Solo imaginar el poder crear y experimentar sin límites es abrumador. Imaginemos las posibilidades de explorar nuestro subconsciente, nuestra creatividad pura sin límites físicos ni conceptos de realidad. Todo lo que queramos, como queramos. Quizá esta será la manera de analizar la capacidad de nuestra mente más allá de lo cognitivo, ese subconsciente del que todavía sabemos muy poco.
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