Cada año desde 1939 se celebra en la mañana del 1 de enero el gran concierto de Año Nuevo en la Sala Dorada de la Musikverein de Viena, Austria.
Un espectáculo fastuoso diseñado para homenajear, en gran parte, a la familia austríaca Strauss, que nos dejó uno de los legados más importantes en la composición de la música clásica.
El concierto se retransmite en vivo a una audiencia de más de mil millones de personas en 54 países. Siendo altamente seguido en Europa, sobre todo por aquellos que disfrutan de la música clásica de los siglos XVIII y XIX.
A lo largo de los años, el evento se fue consolidando como un acontecimiento más dentro de las celebraciones navideñas. Una excelente manera de comenzar el año con las inspiraciones más bellas del arte de la historia moderna.
La historia del concierto de Año Nuevo
El concierto de Año Nuevo reúne varios elementos extraordinarios que le otorgan la magnificencia que lo caracteriza, en un contexto actual en el que la música parece perder cada vez más su esencia.
Es interpretado por una de las mejores orquestas del mundo, la Filarmónica de Viena, liderada por los mejores directores del momento, presentando piezas de varios de los compositores más brillantes de la historia y en la casa de la música por excelencia, Austria. Sin lugar a dudas, una fórmula perfecta que nos permite todavía hoy gozar de los momentos de esplendor de este arte tan lamentablemente desvirtuado.
La historia de este gran evento de la música comenzó en una de las épocas más convulsas y tortuosas del siglo XX, el inicio de la II Guerra Mundial. El primer concierto se celebró el 31 de diciembre de 1939 bajo la organización de Joseph Goebbels, ministro de Ilustración Pública y Propaganda de Alemania en el Tercer Reich.
Por aquel entonces, Austria acababa de anexarse a Alemania y el concierto fue concebido como un homenaje a las provincias orientales del Estado alemán.
La consolidación del concierto de Año Nuevo
Durante los primeros años, el director de orquesta Clemens Krauss fue el encargado de liderar la función hasta su muerte en 1954. Época en la que el concierto ya tenía una repercusión considerable y había creado tradición en Viena.
Para la década de los 80, el acontecimiento ya era seguido por 700 millones de personas, alcanzando los más de mil a día de hoy.
Aunque el evento tuvo su origen en una clara etapa de nazismo en Europa, trata de desvincularse de esta ideología política e histórica desde hace varios años. La música y el arte han logrado trascender a todos los contextos del pasado, dejando al concierto de Año Nuevo como un evento de proporciones inimaginables libre de cualquier connotación negativa.
En el concierto de 2020 se conmemoró el 250 aniversario del nacimiento de Beethoven, incluyendo la interpretación de algunas de sus composiciones en el reparto.
La Orquesta Filarmónica de Viena
La Orquesta Filarmónica de Viena es indiscutiblemente una de las mejores orquestas del mundo y toda una institución en la música a todos los niveles.
Fue fundada en 1842 por el compositor Otto Nicolai reuniendo a los mejores músicos de la orquesta de la Ópera Imperial del momento. Una de sus características principales es su carácter conservador y el sonido de sus piezas inconfundible y elegante.
Como muchas instituciones de esta índole, la Filarmónica de Viena entrelaza sus raíces con fuertes tradiciones familiares. Los músicos que se incorporan al grupo pueden acceder a ella solamente si son discípulos de antiguos integrantes o forman parte de filiaciones u otras relaciones estrechas.
El Musikverein de Viena, el palacio del concierto de Año Nuevo
Viena es la capital de la música clásica. Desde el siglo XVIII recibió a los compositores más importantes que quisieron hacerse un hueco en mundo de la música, como Mozart, Beethoven, Haydn, Schubert, entre otros.
Desde sus orígenes, el concierto de Año Nuevo se celebra en la Sala Dorada del Musikverein de Viena. Un edificio de conciertos construido e inaugurado por la Sociedad de Amigos de la Música de Viena a finales del siglo XIX, en 1870.
El diseño del edificio está inspirado en el clasicismo griego, compuesto por hileras de cariátides, figuras femeninas esculpidas como pilares, y representaciones de Apolo y las nueve musas en el techo.
Como sala de conciertos, está construida específicamente para albergar una de las mejores acústicas del mundo. En conjunto, el mejor escenario para un evento majestuoso.
La Marcha Radetzky de Johann Strauss padre
La tradición del concierto de Año Nuevo es homenajear a la familia Strauss, la principal dinastía de compositores de Viena en el siglo XIX.
Entre la selección de obras a interpretar, hay una que suena cada año y culmina con el cierre del concierto a modo de himno, la Marcha Radetzky.
Esta composición del patriarca de la familia, Johann Strauss, suele involucrar al público presente invitándolo a dar palmas al ritmo de la música. Como pieza de clausura, consigue crear un ambiente de jolgorio y deleite propios de aquellas épocas de hace doscientos años, en los que la música clásica se disfrutaba con libertad y naturalidad espontánea.
Para poder asistir al espectacular concierto, hay que registrarse en un sorteo por el cual se puede acceder a la compra de las entradas. Esto se debe a la enorme demanda, que acumula listas de espera de más de un año. Además del concierto de Año Nuevo, también es posible asistir a los ensayos generales del 30 y 31 de diciembre. Un evento que puede oscilar entre 35 y 1,200 euros por persona.
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